Switch-heddle



No. 6l4,504. Patented Nov. 22, I898.

.1. SHINN.

swncn HEDDLE. I

(Application filed Mar. 25, 1898.) (No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet I.

W/T/VESSES:

m: NORRIS PETERS co. Pnm'au'rna. wAsnmci'cm n, c

No.-6I4, 50 4. Patented Nov. 22, I898 J. SHINN.

SWITCH HEDIJLE.

(Application filed Mar. 25, 1898.) (N0 Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

WITNESSES: l/VWE/VTOI? we noams PETERS co, worauma. WASHINGTON, o. c.

UNITED STATES JOHN sHINN, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

PATENT OFFICE.

SWlTCH-HEDDLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent N0. 614,504, dated November22, 1898.

Application filed March 25, 1898. Serial No. 675,179. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN SHINN, a citizen of the United States, residingat Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement inSwitch-Heddles for Cross- Weaving, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to looms for crossweaving, and said invention Ihave named a switch-heddle, which I use to switch and guide onewarp-thread over another warp.- thread in weaving gauze fabrics,chenille, and other cross-woven fabrics.

My improved heddle I also use to switch and guide a pile warp-threadover a longitudinal pile-wire in weaving a pile fabric.

Previous to myinvention of the switch-heddle cross-weaving has been doneby doup-heddles or shifting-needles. The doup is not durable unless madeof metal and chafes the warp-threads. If the needles are shifted by aguide-comb, said comb is in the weavers way when inserting brokenwarp-threads.

My improved sWitch-heddle is cheap, durable, positive in action, and isno obstacle in replacing broken warp-threads.

My invention consists in a series of switchheddles so mounted in twoheddle-frames that one heddle of each frame make a pair and so work incombination with a needle having an eye at the point and carrying awarp-thread to be crossed or a longitudinal pile-wire, upon which wireis formed a pile, by crossing the pile warp-threads, as illustrated inthe accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, inwhich-Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of so much of a loom as isrequired to show my improvement for cross-weavin g one warpthread overanother warp-thread. Figs. 2 and 5 are sectional end elevations of aheddle-frame for mounting the switeh-heddles. Figs. 3 and 4 are frontsectional elevations of two heddle-frames. The two make a pair. Figs. 6and 7 show a series of switch-heddles, needles, and a section of theneedle-supporting bar. Fig. 8 is a face view of one of the needles anda-sectional end view of the needlesupporting bar. Fig. 9 is a verticallongitudinal section of so much of a loom as is required to show myinvention for weaving pile fabrics on longitudinal pile-wires. Fig. 10is a side view of a pile-wire such as I use for weaving a terry pilefabric.

The parts are marked with numerals, an like numerals indicate same partsin all views of the drawings.

Previous to describing the construction and operationof my invention Iwould say that my invention lies solely in the switch-heddle. The otherparts shown in the drawings are old and disclaimed by me and are onlyclaimed in combination with the switch-bed dle. For that reason I shallbe brief in describing these parts that are old.

1 represents the switch-heddle, whichI prefer to make of cold-rolledflat strips of steel or iron, No. 26 wire-gage, three-eighths of an inchwide and about twelve inches long, more or less. At each end are punchedholes for the stringingbars 2. In this flat strip is swaged a projectingcam 3. This cam is swaged the full width of the metal strip, as shown inFigs. 2 and 5. The projecting distance of the cam 3 will be governed bythe number of switch-heddles to be used in the inch space. This cam Iprefer to place near one end, say about two inches from the end. Theseswitch-heddles are strung on the bars 2 in the heddle-frames, as shownin Figs. 2, 3, 4., and 5, which frames are of ordinary constructionexcept the stringing-bars 2, which I prefer to be round. The top one Ispace.

with shallow notches, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

In mounting the switch-heddles, Fig. 3, the cams all project to theright, those in Fig. 4 to the left hand.

4 represents the needle, which I prefer to make of strips ofspring-steel, about No. 23 wire-gage thick, three-fourths of an inchwide and ten inches long, more or less. These needles are set in asupporting-bar 7, which bar is divided by pins, as shown in Figs. 6 and7, to receive the number of needles used per inch. This needle-bar isfixed in the loom,.as shown in Fig. 1, so as to bring the points of theneedles between each pair of switch-heddleS, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7.

Fig. 3 we will suppose to be the front heddle-frame and Fig.4 the secondheddle-frame.

The third or back heddle-frame in Fig. 1 carries ordinary wire heddlesand operates IOO .. I I -I- the crossing warp thread. These heddleframescan be operated by the ordinary treadles and cams or may be operated bya pattern-chain-controlled heddle motion.

The switch-heddles to work well should have an up-and-down movement ofabout one-half of an inch and work one shot up and one shot down,alternately.

The third or back heddle-frame carries the crossing warp-thread 5 andworks up and down every shot. I

Referring to Fig. 6,the front heddle is down. The ca ms 3 of theseheddles push the needles to the right and under the cams above. Thisopens a passage for the crossing warp-thread 5 on the left of theneedle. Fig. 7 represents the second heddle as down. This pushes theneedles to the left and the thread 5 is switched and guided to theright" hand side of the needle.

It is plainly shown in Figs 6 and '7 that the cams on the right willswitch the warp-threads 5 to the left of warp-thread 6, and the cams onthe left will switch the warp-thread 5 to the right of warp-thread 6,and warp-thread 6 is crossed at every shot of weft, weaving a fullgauze.

It is obvious to weavers that my switchheddle with the needle 4, asshown in Fig. 1, may be used as a selvage motion to crossweave a selvagewhere two breadths of cloth are woven in one loom and a selvage isdesired at the point of separation.

Fig. 9 represents and shows so much of a loom mechanism as is requiredto show my invention when weaving a Brussels or VVilton carpet fiveframes.

In applying my invention to weave a pile fabric I substitute thepile-wire 4 for the needle 4 and operate the switches the same as shownin Figs. 6 and 7.

If a jacquard-machine be used and more than one pile-thread be used ineach split of the reed, I use a heddle-wire in frame 22 with a long eye.In this eye all threads represented in Fig. 9 by numerals 17, 18, 19,20, and 21, which are in the same split of the reed, pass through thislong'eye. This longeye heddle is marked by numeral 23 in Fig. 9.Heddle-frames l3 and 14 carry ordinary wire heddles. They operate thebody or binder warp-threads l5 and 16 usual in Brussels and Wiltoncarpet weaves.

If weaving tapestry Brussels, one pile warp-thread only is required in asplit of the reed, and it will be operated by an ordinary wire heddlewith a short eye in frame 22.

The pile-wire shown in Fig. 10 makes a terry-loop pile. If acut pile isdesired,knives are arranged to work at one end of the pilewires and cutthe loops as they pass off the left end of the pile-wire.

Longitudinal pile-Wires and knives to weave a loop or a cut pile are oldand well known to weavers, and, as before stated, my invention liessolely in the switch-heddle,which switchheddles are operated in weavinga pile fabric in the same manner as before described for operating andcrossing one warp-thread over another warp-thread. The pile-Wire 4.takes the place of the needle 4 and warp-thread 6.

In weaving a corded tapestry to be figured by a jacquard-machine two,three, four, five,

or more frames may be used for figuring warp-threads and one frame forthe crossedcord threads 6. In this case the cord threads 6 take theplace of the pile-wire 4 and are woven in the fabric, being completelycovered by the figuring-warp threads, and make a good imitation ofgobelin tapestry. Such fabrics the figuring-threads only show on theface and show in longitudinal cords like gobelin tapestries.

Having as above fully described my invention and mode of operation, WhatI claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

A switch-heddle, provided with a switchcam, substantially as shown anddescribed.

JOHN SHINN.

Witnesses:

Jos. SOHLEGEL, FRANK MARTIN.

